最近,有不少汽车行业大佬直言传统燃油汽车已经落伍,发动机很快将成为过去式,就像昔日的诺基亚一般,未来是新能源汽车的天下。那么问题来了,现在燃油技术处在暮年,纯电动技术只是个脚步蹒跚的“小孩”,当下谁正值壮年,谁将挑起汽车技术过渡的大任,成为下一个风口呢?毫无疑问,是混合动力技术。
什么是混动技术?
混合动力是指在车辆动力系统中采用两种不同动力源的一种技术,更侧重于指油电混合动力。而采用该技术的汽车就叫油电混合动力汽车(Hybrid Electric Vehicle),即采用传统的内燃机(柴油机或汽油机)和电动机作为动力源。使用混合动力驱动联动的汽车分为三大类,其分别是串联式混合动力汽车(SHEV)、并联式混合动力汽车(PHEV)、混动式混合动力汽车(PSHEV),目前市场上最多车企使用的混动联动方式是PHEV。
与传统燃油车相比,汽车采用混合动力技术之后,它的发动机总是处在最佳的工作状态,其油耗非常低,并且污染也少;同时也可关闭发动机,用电池单独驱动,从而实现“零”排放。正是由于采用混合动力技术的汽车比较节能、低排放等特点,让该技术成为了全球汽车厂家重点研发和开发的对象,如今已经逐渐开始商业化。
在混合动力领域流传着一句话,混动技术只有两种,一种是丰田,另外一种是其他。可以说丰田汽车的混合动力技术在该领域是当之无愧的强者,丰田从1997年就申请了该技术的专利,经过了二十几年研究和开发,丰田的THS混动系统也越来越成熟,目前该技术已经发展到了THS II。
丰田从第一代混动汽车普锐斯、到如今的卡罗拉混动、雷凌混动、凯美瑞混动、亚洲龙混动等车型,搭载混动技术的车型逐渐丰富起来,并且布局了多个汽车细分市场;同时混动车型从引入到现在,丰田在国内汽车市场取得了不俗的成绩。
混动的春天来了
尽管丰田汽车在混动汽车领域取得不俗的成绩,但是那时候传统燃油车正值巅峰,车企们纷纷在比拼三大件,消费者的购车首选必定是传统燃油车,这让混动汽车在国内没有什么热度。
不过,随着近几年电动化浪潮的冲击,造车新势力的入局,国家的财政补贴;同时在2020年10月份,中国工程师学会制订的《节能与新能源汽车技术路线图2.0》正式发布,路线框架由此前的“1+7”变为“1+9”,其为节能汽车、纯电动和插电式混动动力汽车、氢气燃料电池汽车、智能网联汽车、汽车智能制造与关键装备、汽车动力电池、新能源汽车电驱动总成系统、充电基础设施、汽车轻量化这9个细分领域技术路线。从产品角度应用来看,该路线图指出到2025年、2030年和2035年,混动汽车在传统乘用车中的销量占比要分别达到50%、75%和100%。
在此背景下,国内不少车企都在布局混动汽车市场,想要提前占据有利位置,同时这让混动汽车在国内的热度达到了巅峰,往后的热度可能会更加高。曾经在国内混动汽车市场只有本田能做丰田的对手,如今又涌现出不少拥有成熟混动技术的自主品牌,它们的混动技术丝毫不输于其他合资品牌,有比亚迪DM-i超级混动平台、吉利雷神智擎Hi·X、长安混动iDD、长城柠檬混动DHT平台,以及奇瑞鲲鹏DHT混动技术等,其中搭载比亚迪DM-i混动技术的车型是汽车市场上的香饽饽。
2021年,比亚迪全年累计销量超74万辆,其中新能源汽车累计销售约60.38万辆,占比亚迪2021年全年汽车销量81.59%。今年上半年,比亚迪累计销量为646399辆,新能源汽车销量占比超过90%,并且今年比亚迪的新能源汽车销量从3月份开始就一直保持在10万辆以上,旗下DM-i混动车型的销量一直在细分市场前十,其中比亚迪宋PLUS新能源和比亚迪汉的销量更是排在第一。比亚迪不是未来可期,是正在往巅峰迈进,是目前国内新能源汽车市场上最耀眼的自主品牌,甚至可以说在国内混动技术领域有与丰田一战之力。
当然了,除了比亚迪之外,还有吉利雷神智擎Hi·X、长安混动iDD、长城柠檬混动DHT平台,以及奇瑞鲲鹏DHT混动技术等,这些车企都在布局混动汽车市场,尽快占据有利位置,将混动汽车的市场扩大,与合资品牌展开竞争,推出更多更好的混动车型,为消费者提供更好购车选择。
是无奈之选?
对于消费者而言,在购买“夕阳红”产品燃油车型之前会考虑再三,毕竟现在油价飘忽不定,用车成本只会比以往要高,再加上一线城市购车限制诸多,以及如今厂家的车型迭代速度过快等等,都影响到消费者购买燃油车型。当消费者在购买纯电动车型的话,又要考虑里程焦虑、补能问题,以及产品力等问题。
在比亚迪秦PLUS DM-i没有爆火之前,消费者在选择混动车型的时候也会犹豫不决,毕竟之前混动车型的缺点比较多,混动车型系统复杂,集成度低,成本高,价格自然比传统燃油车要贵一些;并且之前的混动车型动力弱、噪音大,以及故障概率高,还被消费者称为“满电猛如虎,亏电油老虎。有电一条‘龙’,没电一条‘虫’”。
但随着技术的进步,混动车型成本降低,加上有国家补贴,终端价格与传统燃油车相差不大;同时混动车型发动机的热效率更高,比亚迪DM-i系统的发动机热效率达到43%,吉利雷神智擎Hi·X热效率更是高达43.32%等,用车成本比传统燃油车型要低,补能时间短,没有里程焦虑,并且还可以上绿牌,一线城市的消费者没有了摇号和限行的烦恼,再加上混动车型的驾驶感受与传统车型差别不大等优点,这也是如今越来越多消费者选择混动车型的原因。
直播车市:如今,燃油技术进入暮年,纯电动技术还处在脚步蹒跚阶段,而混动技术正在茁壮成长,正值年华;随着各个车企都在布局混动汽车市场,让国内混动技术越来越成熟,并让该技术在国内的发展进入快车道,混动车型的春天来了,或许还能成为未来的千亿蓝海。
文/直播车市
特别声明:以上内容(如有图片或视频亦包括在内)为自媒体平台“汽势号”用户上传并发布,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。
原文链接:http://www.auto-first.cn/news/story_187520.html
评论(24)
My brother suggested I would possibly like this website. He used to be totally right. This publish actually made my day. You cann’t consider just how much time I had spent for this information! Thank you!
Hello, just wanted to mention, I liked this post. It was practical. Keep on posting!
Wow, amazing blog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you make blogging look easy. The overall look of your web site is fantastic, let alone the content!
Francisk Skorina Gomel State University
This post is invaluable. How can I find out more?
Appreciating the dedication you put into your site and in depth information you present. It’s awesome to come across a blog every once in a while that isn’t the same outdated rehashed material. Wonderful read! I’ve saved your site and I’m including your RSS feeds to my Google account.
Aw, this was a very nice post. Spending some time and actual effort to make a good article but what can I say I put things off a lot and never seem to get anything done.
Hello there! I know this is kinda off topic however , I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in exchanging links or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa? My site goes over a lot of the same subjects as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other. If you happen to be interested feel free to send me an e-mail. I look forward to hearing from you! Fantastic blog by the way!
Hey very interesting blog!
hey there and thank you for your information I’ve definitely picked up anything new from right here. I did however expertise a few technical issues using this web site, since I experienced to reload the site a lot of times previous to I could get it to load properly. I had been wondering if your hosting is OK? Not that I am complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will often affect your placement in google and can damage your quality score if advertising and marketing with Adwords. Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my e-mail and can look out for a lot more of your respective interesting content. Make sure you update this again soon.
Hey! I know this is kinda off topic but I was wondering if you knew where I could find a captcha plugin for my comment form? I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having difficulty finding one? Thanks a lot!
We stumbled over here coming from a different web page and thought I might check things out. I like what I see so now i am following you. Look forward to looking at your web page yet again.
Howdy! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be ok. I’m undoubtedly enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.
I read this post fully concerning the resemblance of most recent and preceding technologies, it’s awesome article.
I am regular reader, how are you everybody? This piece of writing posted at this website is in fact pleasant.
If some one needs expert view concerning blogging and site-building after that i propose him/her to visit this weblog, Keep up the good job.
Заказывая автомойку под ключ, вы получаете полный комплекс услуг, который включает выбор местоположения, проектирование, строительство и установку оборудования для качественной мойки авто.
Строительство автомойки под ключ – неутомимая забота и полный контроль на каждом этапе, от проекта до открытия. Ваш бизнес в надежных руках!
Hi there, for all time i used to check weblog posts here early in the dawn, because i love to learn more and more.
Hi there, I found your web site via Google even as searching for a similar topic, your web site got here up, it looks good. I have bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
you are in reality a just right webmaster. The web site loading velocity is incredible. It kind of feels that you are doing any unique trick. Moreover, The contents are masterpiece. you have performed a magnificent task in this topic!
Every weekend i used to go to see this site, as i want enjoyment, since this this web site conations really pleasant funny data too.
I am truly thankful to the owner of this website who has shared this enormous article at at this place.
Thank you for the auspicious writeup. It in reality was a leisure account it. Glance complicated to far introduced agreeable from you! By the way, how can we keep up a correspondence?